Yelle rose to fame on MySpace when she posted a song titled "Short Dick Cuizi", mocking Cuizinier, a member of the Parisian hip-hop group TTC. With producer and close friend GrandMarnier, Yelle has recorded a debut album Pop-Up, after her hit single "Je Veux Te Voir" (a finalised version of "Short Dick Cuizi"). The song, which samples the bass line from 20 Fingers' 1994 club hit Short Dick Man, received heavy airplay on MTV. She was also featured on Fatal Bazooka's song "Parle à ma main" in 2007. In February 2008 she performed the track "A cause des Garçons" on the BBC Three series "Lily Allen and Friends".She was MTV's 'Artist of the Week' for the week of 24 - 30 March 2008, appearing during adverts. Yelle has also appeared on NBC's Last Call with Carson Daly performing "A cause des Garçons" on November 12, 2008 and "Ce Jeu" on February 4, 2009.

Her single "À cause des Garçons" remixed by Riot in Belgium was featured on the soundtrack of Electronic Arts' computer game; Need for Speed: ProStreet. EA Sports included the song in UEFA Euro 2008, the official video game of the UEFA Euro 2008 tournament.

"À cause des Garçons" was used as the opening song for the Moschino Spring Summer 2008 runway show. As of 2008, it is also featured in an advert being broadcast in Quebec for Telus. Her single "Je veux te voir" was featured on the series 4 final episode of Entourage, in the opening scene when the gang arrives in Cannes, and her single "Ce jeu" was played on Gap's and H&M's shop soundtrack in summer 2008. In 2008, she remixed a track on American singer Katy PerryUS digital remix EP of "Hot N Cold". She is also the image of a special line of Reebok Freestyle shoes, World Cities, representing the Paris model.

In the Fall of 2008, Yelle went on a short North American tour, traveling with opening act Kap10Kurt. The tour lasted from October 7th to November 2nd, making 18 stops .

On June 2, 2009, iTunes released their second installment of iTunes Foreign Exchange, featuring Yelle and Swedish pop singer Robyn. The album includes Yelle covering Robyn's "Who's That Girl?" while Robyn covers Yelle's "À cause des garçons," titling it "Because of Boys" (English translation).

According to her Myspace page, as of spring of 2009, she is currently working on new material.